Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Watch out for the bugs
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 12:56 AM GMT en Diciembre 10, 2011 +26
I'm wrapping up my stay in San Francisco for the annual Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), the world's largest gathering of Earth Scientists. Over eighteen thousand scientists from all over the world, including most of the world's top climate scientists, were in town this week to exchange ideas to advance the cause of Earth Science. It's been a great opportunity to learn about climate change topics I don't know much about, and I attended a fascinating (and somewhat unnerving) lecture on how global warming is expected to affect insects, titled "The Impact of Global Warming on global crop yields due to changes in pest pressure". Global warming is expected to bring a variety of impacts to agriculture, both positive and negative. Extra CO2 in the atmosphere will tend to increase crop yields, but crop losses due to insect pests are expected to double by 2100, according to a insect pest/crop model designed by David Battisti of the University of Washington. These losses will occur in addition to the expected 35 - 40% decrease in crop yields due to higher temperatures by the end of the century.



When temperature increases, the metabolic rate of insects goes up, requiring that they eat more to survive. In the mid-latitudes, the predicted 2 - 4°C temperature increase by 2100 will require insects to eat double what they do now, in order to survive. The increase in temperature is also expected to enable insect populations to rise by 20%. However, insect populations will fall by 20% in the tropics, where insects have evolved to tolerate a much narrower range of temperatures. Let's look at the world's three most important crops: rice, wheat, and corn. In the four largest rice producing countries--China, India, Bangladesh, and Thailand--Insects currently cause a loss of 10- 20% of the crop, and this is expected to double to 20 - 30% by 2100. These nations have 40% of the world's population, and make 60% of the world's rice. For corn, the world's four largest producers--the U.S., China, France, and Argentina--are expected to see insect pest losses double from 6% to 12%. The story is similar for wheat; pest losses are expected to double from 10% to 20% by 2100. The total increased damage to global agriculture is predicted to be $30 - $50 billion per year by 2100. This will likely contribute greatly to food costs and potential food shortages. The model made a number of simplifications that could greatly change this outcome, though. The model assumed that there would be no change to the number of insects that survive winter, and this number is likely to increase in a warmer climate. Precipitation was not changed to reflect what is expected to happen in a changed climate, and this will cause increases in crop yields in some areas, and decreases in others. Farmers are likely to change growing practices and utilize new pesticides to combat the expected increase in pests, and this was not considered, either. It is interesting to note that during the great natural global warming event of 55 million years ago--the Palecene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)--fossil records of plant leaves show greatly increased levels of damage from insects, supporting the idea that a warmer climate will drive an explosion in the insect population.

Jeff Masters
Locust Clouds over Paamul (cleo85)
A several miles wide swarm of Locus is moving from Cancun south-west ward over Yucatans Jungle.Paamul, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Locust Clouds over Paamul
Categories: Climate Change
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301. ShenValleyFlyFish 5:42 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    


I actually remember these being used at both sets of grandparent's homes. Have a vague memory of being held up to talk into one.

What this has to do with weather I know not, although it does make me wonder what it's like around Kitchener/Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Guess I'll use WU to check.
Member Since: Septiembre 9, 2007 Posts: 36 Comments: 4684
302. CaicosRetiredSailor 5:43 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
How many major scientific misstatements does Joe Bastardi have to make before In-Accuweather fires him as their chief long-range forecaster?
By Joe Romm on Jan 18, 2011 at 5:49 pm

...
Just last month, he cooked the books in an official In-Accuweather video to smear some of the nation's leading scientists. I called for him to be fired and suggested referring to the company as InAccuweather until it does. Bastardi did ultimately retract the video but couldn't bring himself to admit that his accusation of fraud against NSIDC was not merely completely unwarranted but totally inappropriate and in fact based in part on his simple misreading of a graph.


http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2011/01/18/207355/j oe-bastardi-in-accuweather-chief-long-range-foreca ster-s/
Member Since: Julio 12, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 5246
303. ShenValleyFlyFish 5:49 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Quoting SPLbeater:
anybody else see, Joe Bastardi has left AccuWeather. he has left because of their liberal views of 'climate change' and calls 'global warming' a complete fraud(I STAND BEHIND HIM) he has bashed the AccuWeather team, and TWC for all the liberal stuff they throwin into everything. he and another guy have just started a group called Weather Bell or something.

should be better then all the other bigtime media. check it out
Well, that's not a position I would care to take.

My DDD (dear departed dad) used to say, "Son, in your life you will need to take a stand on many things, just try not to stand behind a manure spreader."
Member Since: Septiembre 9, 2007 Posts: 36 Comments: 4684
304. TomTaylor 6:18 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Quoting SPLbeater:
anybody else see, Joe Bastardi has left AccuWeather. he has left because of their liberal views of 'climate change' and calls 'global warming' a complete fraud(I STAND BEHIND HIM) he has bashed the AccuWeather team, and TWC for all the liberal stuff they throwin into everything. he and another guy have just started a group called Weather Bell or something.

should be better then all the other bigtime media. check it out
You're just finding this out now? And no, it was not big media. Nobody outside of the small weather community knows who Joe Bastardi is.


BTW, the globe is warming, that's a fact. Get over it.
Member Since: Agosto 24, 2010 Posts: 18 Comments: 4053
305. Skyepony (Mod) 6:32 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Sar~ I've seen a handful of papers linking high winds from hurricanes & such, the vibrations from the drag & pressure difference setting them off. Haven't seen anything about the Santa Anita winds correlation. Could be some out there..if not sounds like a great thesis topic for one of our aspiring.

Certainly a better topic than our one from earlier. My only argument against using the death count as the end all for worse years turns dark.. You can adjust money to inflation easy enough but how do you adjust body count to population change? Census is so infrequent, add on who knows how many evacuated.. The warning system, communication & transportation systems have changed dramatically. Thinks about 1928 Okeechobee with today's population in both 1928 & today. The 1928 storm it hit Lake O a day later than expected. Many evacuated, thought it had turned & returned home to die along the fairly populated shore. & like Katrina so many died due to levee failure. Another example is Jeanne in 2004..Killed thousands in in a well warned Haiti when it was a weaker storm, mostly due to a political failure, while only a few dozen died on the other half of Hispaniola in DR. Jeanne went on to hit FL as a Cat 3, with little warning, while some of us didn't have power back from the last 'cane & flood on up the coast through many states & only killed 5. Jeanne kinda scores one for you though since had it not been for the other 'canes taking out the weaker stuff, Jeanne would have been way more damaging dollar wise. Extreme weather like the storms themselves can be hard to quantify.
Member Since: Agosto 10, 2005 Posts: 145 Comments: 29957
306. OracleDeAtlantis 7:46 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Quoting sar2401:
OracleDeAtlantis:
There's something in your post that makes IE8 stop working when I try to quote it. I have no idea where your picture came from. It certainly, in the form you posted it, wasn't from the USGS. Where exactly did you get it it, and what exactly does it mean? I'm totally baffled at this point.

BTW, geologists have no ability distinguish an earthquake as being a foreshock of a larger quake until the larger quake occurs. Japan has 5-6 magnitude earthquakes on a regular basis, and the vast majority are not followed by larger earthquakes. This is an area of earth science they know almost nothing about, hence the inability of using one earthquake to predict the occurance of another.

Post 195 is simply a cut, colorized, and published forecast, using the current world map from the USGS earthquake site highlighting recent activity. That foreshock is easy to find, using the date(3-9-11) on the picture that was published.

Haiti had a foreshock too, using a very similar type of picture and mental model, including the exact same curious Latin writing. That one wasn't recognized by science, however, because it came in two parts. Nevertheless, someone pointed to a place on the earth and said in back to back posts,

"On the eve of hurricane Ike's memory, the earth's crust has moved at a certain point, to help make a big one."

Note how the vertex "point," where the foreshock occurs in Venezuela, is replaced with a vortex only six days later; but it's what lies at the heart of both pictures, and the Latin that tells the story of where the "Big One" referenced in these three related posts, will occur.

These are a curious set of signposts, and the direction that second vertex moves, is exactly the direction that table("Mensa") or piece of the earth's crust will turn("Verto") when the earthquake in Haiti strikes.

The earth, she farts, she burps, she coughs, she sneezes, she snorts, she wheezes, she's an enigma; but she can talk, and make no mistake, I think she's preparing to go to war with weapons that would amaze even Moses.




Member Since: Agosto 27, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 323
307. CybrTeddy 10:54 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Quoting Grothar:


You tell him, hydrus. You should have seen me use the first telephone.



I thought in your day the telephone was a rock with a leaf hung on it that said 'Hello', and you threw and hit someone you wanted to talk too.
Member Since: Julio 8, 2005 Posts: 255 Comments: 20632
308. Cotillion 11:00 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Never seen a warning like that before.

Attack of the Yellow Crayon

First storm this week expected to begin overnight:



Second one isn't fully in focus, but they seem to be expect it to be bombing as it approaches. Models seem to have backed a little away from its previous strength, which is nice. That said, bombing storms moving at a fair clip are difficult to get right.
Member Since: Agosto 23, 2008 Posts: 7 Comments: 5300
309. aislinnpaps 11:52 AM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Good morning to anyone who is up. So quiet here this time of year. Temps up to 74 in a day or two here, with rain of course, so I can't be outside enjoying it. For now, out to start the car to de-ice it. Everyone have a great Monday!
Member Since: Agosto 22, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 2540
310. AussieStorm 12:55 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
@Cotillion, Thinking of ya mate. It ain't looking good for ya's.















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311. SPLbeater 1:02 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Good morning
Member Since: Agosto 4, 2011 Posts: 43 Comments: 3961
312. SPLbeater 1:12 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
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313. HadesGodWyvern 1:30 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Japan Meteorological Agency
Tropical Cyclone Advisory #9
TROPICAL DEPRESSION 24
21:00 PM JST December 12 2011
===============================

At 12:00 PM UTC, Tropical Depression (1006 hPa) located at 9.6N 112.7E has 10 minute sustained winds of 30 knots with gusts of 45 knots. The depression is reported as moving west slowly

Dvorak Intensity: T2.0

Forecast and Intensity
=======================

24 HRS: 9.1N 110.9E - 35 knots (CAT 1/Tropical Storm)
Member Since: Mayo 24, 2006 Posts: 43 Comments: 36919
314. greentortuloni 1:35 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
So I went back and read the first blog. Interesting... noted this quote: "After all, there is no weather underground."

If that line of humor had continued..., well, once a year or so is ok.

Member Since: Junio 5, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 1198
315. StormTracker2K 1:57 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
2.90" of rain in Daytona Beach last night! Right now it seems Jacksonville is getting it.

Member Since: Octubre 26, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 2651
316. StormTracker2K 1:58 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
If people can't post videos on here properly then they shouldn't post them at all because it screws up the blog.
Member Since: Octubre 26, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 2651
317. GeoffreyWPB 2:15 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Member Since: Septiembre 10, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 9247
318. Neapolitan 3:05 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Member Since: Noviembre 8, 2009 Posts: 4 Comments: 11302
319. hydrus 3:39 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
Quoting CybrTeddy:


I thought in your day the telephone was a rock with a leaf hung on it that said 'Hello', and you threw and hit someone you wanted to talk too.
great post.:)
Member Since: Septiembre 27, 2007 Posts: 1 Comments: 14671
320. SPLbeater 3:49 PM GMT en Diciembre 12, 2011    
wow, i go and watch Last Of The Mohicans, come back and only 1 more post in 2 hours. sure is active today, lol
Member Since: Agosto 4, 2011 Posts: 43 Comments: 3961
321. cronus 1:26 AM GMT en Enero 17, 2012    
Is the writer of this blog aware that the Halocene Thermal Maximum occurred between~7kbp and 4kbp? We're nearing the 11000 year mark which could well mark the end of this interglacial. The temperatures though have been falling for most of the last 10000 years. The Eemian Thermal Maximum was much warmer than now maybe we'll get there before this is over. So What? Not much we can do about it.
Member Since: Noviembre 27, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 0

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About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

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